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Motion [change]
Some entity (Theme) starts out in one place (Source) and ends up in some other place (Goal), having covered some space between the two (Path). Alternatively, the Area or Directionin which the Theme moves or the Distance of the movement may be mentioned.
That kite you see just to the right of his head was moving around pretty fast but the camera seemed to catch it ok.
There are several accounts of the stench drifting to shore from the ships in the middle of the river
Dust particles floating about made him sneeze uncontrollably.
The grill, unsecured, rolled a few feet across the yard.
The swarm went away to the end of the hall.
The frames that inherit the general Motion frame add some elaboration to this simple idea. Inheriting frames can add Goal-profiling (arrive, reach), Source-profiling (leave, depart), or Path-profiling (traverse, cross), or aspects of the manner of motion (run, jog) or assumptions about the shape-properties, etc., of any of the places involved (insert, extract).
A particularly complex area in the vocabulary of Motion is the depiction of the relation of Vehicles to the Theme. In some cases, no separate Theme is expressed:
The plane flew over the city.
In this case, the sentence is annotated in Self_motion. When the Vehicle is profiled as being operated by a Driver, the sentence is annotated in the Operate_vehicle frame:
Don't try to fly an F-16 without training!
This is very similar to the Bringing frame which covers cases where the Vehicle is necessarily involved, but the movement of the Theme (something carried by the Vehicle) is profiled:
It's scary flying hundreds of people over thousands of miles of ocean every day.
Some of the same vocabulary is also used to describe the situation where Passengers Ride_vehicle or Operate_vehicle (each of these a perspective on Use_vehicle):
I flew to Chicago on the red-eye.
I flew my plane across the Canadian border
Finally, there are cases where, despite the use of similar vocabulary, there is no self-propelled Vehicle involved at all:
The ball flew over the fence.
This last type is annotated in the simple Motion frame.
That kite you see just to the right of his head was moving around pretty fast but the camera seemed to catch it ok.
There are several accounts of the stench drifting to shore from the ships in the middle of the river
Dust particles floating about made him sneeze uncontrollably.
The grill, unsecured, rolled a few feet across the yard.
The swarm went away to the end of the hall.
The frames that inherit the general Motion frame add some elaboration to this simple idea. Inheriting frames can add Goal-profiling (arrive, reach), Source-profiling (leave, depart), or Path-profiling (traverse, cross), or aspects of the manner of motion (run, jog) or assumptions about the shape-properties, etc., of any of the places involved (insert, extract).
A particularly complex area in the vocabulary of Motion is the depiction of the relation of Vehicles to the Theme. In some cases, no separate Theme is expressed:
The plane flew over the city.
In this case, the sentence is annotated in Self_motion. When the Vehicle is profiled as being operated by a Driver, the sentence is annotated in the Operate_vehicle frame:
Don't try to fly an F-16 without training!
This is very similar to the Bringing frame which covers cases where the Vehicle is necessarily involved, but the movement of the Theme (something carried by the Vehicle) is profiled:
It's scary flying hundreds of people over thousands of miles of ocean every day.
Some of the same vocabulary is also used to describe the situation where Passengers Ride_vehicle or Operate_vehicle (each of these a perspective on Use_vehicle):
I flew to Chicago on the red-eye.
I flew my plane across the Canadian border
Finally, there are cases where, despite the use of similar vocabulary, there is no self-propelled Vehicle involved at all:
The ball flew over the fence.
This last type is annotated in the simple Motion frame.
Properties
- ID
- #7
- Entry
- frm_motion
- Namespace
- Eventive.Change
- FrameNet version
- Motion (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- —
- Types
- —
- Ontological type
- —
- English name
- Motion
Core Frame Elements (7)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Area |
Area identifies the setting in which the Theme's movement takes place without a specified Path.
Emily moved restlessly around the room. |
— | — |
| Direction |
This FE is used for expressions that indicate motion along a line from the deitic center towards a reference point (which may be implicit) that is neither the Goal of the posture change nor a landmark along the way of the moving part of the body. Often Direction is defined with reference to the canonical orientation of the Protagonist, or the orientation imposed by an implicit observer.
|
— | — |
| Distance |
Distance is any expression which characterizes the extent of the Motion.
The twig floated atop the water for about 100 yards|Dist. |
— | — |
| Goal |
The Goal is the location the Theme ends up in.
The car moved into the slow lane. |
category
goal
|
— |
| Path |
The Path refers to (a part of) the ground over which the Theme travels or to a landmark by which the Theme travels.
Jo moved past Dad into the hall. |
— | — |
| Source |
The Source is the location the Theme occupies initially before its change of location.
The policeman moved away from the door|Src. |
category
source
|
— |
| Theme |
The Theme is the entity that changes location. Note that it is not necessarily a self-mover.
The explosion made me|Thm move in a hurry. |
category
physical_object
|
— |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
CoreSet
Direction
Distance
Goal
Path
Source
Excludes
Area
Direction
Distance
Goal
Path
Source
Peripheral Frame Elements (5)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duration |
This FE identifies the Duration of time for which the Motion takes place.
The balloon floated for hours|Dur. |
category
duration
|
— |
| Manner |
This FE identifies the Manner in which the Motion takes place.
A naval airship drifted wildy|Manr in the stormy sea. |
category
manner
|
— |
| Place |
The Place is the general area in which a specific motion (with Source, Path, or Goal) occurs.
|
category
locative_relation
|
— |
| Speed |
This FE is used for the Speed at which the Theme moves.
The ash cloud drifted at twenty-five kilometres per hour|Spd. |
category
speed
|
— |
| Time |
This FE identifies the Time when the Motion occurs.
A radioactive cloud drifted across Britain after the fire at the Windscale nuclear factory. |
category
time
|
— |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (9)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carrier |
The Carrier is the means of conveyance of the Theme.
The nest blew from its tree in a gale|Car. |
— | — |
| Containing_event |
An event that the described motion forms an integral part of.
|
— | — |
| Degree |
The extent to which the Theme cross a boundary as it moves away from a Source region or into a Goal region.
Pluto has moved fullyinto Sagittarius |
category
degree
|
— |
| Depictive |
This FE is used for any Depictive phrase describing the state of the Theme while the motion is occuring.
|
— | — |
| Frequency |
This frame element is defined as the number of times an event occurs per some unit of time. A Frequency expression answers the question how often.
|
— | — |
| Iterations |
The frame element Iterations is used for expressions that indicate the number of times an event or state (of the kind denoted by the target in its clause) has taken place or held.
|
— | — |
| Path_shape |
The shape of the overall Path travelled by the Theme.
They drifted in circles|sha for weeks before rescue . |
— | — |
| Purpose |
In cases wherein the Theme is construed as a sentient entity, this FE denotes the state of affairs that the entity wishes to bring about by moving.
Johnny went to Langley to turn himself in|pur. |
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Result |
Result identifies the ultimate effect of the Motion.
The feathers floated together on the water's surface. |
— | — |
Frame-Frame Relations (29)
Causative
Inheritance
Perspective
See_also
SubFrame
Using
Lexical Units (23)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| blow.v | — | COD: be carried or driven by the wind. |
| circle.v | — | FN: move in a circle |
| coast.v | — | COD: move easily without using power. |
| come.v | — | FN: move (towards the speaker). |
| drift.v | — | COD: be carried slowly by a current of air or water. |
| float.v | — | COD: move slowly or hover in a liquid or the air |
| fly.v | — | COD: move or be hurled quickly through the air. |
| glide.v | — | COD: move with a smooth, quiet, continuous motion. |
| go.v | — | COD: move from one place to another; travel. |
| meander.v | — | COD: follow a winding course, or wander aimlessly. |
| move.v | — | FN: go in a specified direction or manner |
| roll.v | — | COD: move by turning over and over on an axis. |
| slide.v | — | COD: move along a smooth surface, especially downwards, while maintaining continuous contact with it. |
| snake.v | — | FN: to move with a twisting motion like that of a snake |
| soar.v | — | COD: glide high in the air. |
| spiral.v | — | FN: go in a spiral course. |
| swerve.v | — | COD: abruptly diverge or from a straight course |
| swing.v | — | FN: move quickly changing direction |
| travel.v | — | FN: move. |
| undulate.v | — | COD: move with a smooth wave-like motion |
| weave.v | — | COD: move from side to side to progress around obstructions. |
| wind.v | — | FN: to move in a twisting course |
| zigzag.v | — | FN: to move in a back and forth manner while proceeding forward |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.