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Cotheme [agentive]
This frame contains words that necessarily indicate the motion of two distinct objects. The Theme is typically animate and is expressed the same way a Self-mover is expressed in the Self-motion frame--i.e. as the subject of a target verb. The Cotheme may or may not be animate and is typically expressed as a direct object or an oblique. Source, Path, Goal, and the other frame elements common to motion words also regularly occur with the words in this frame.
She accompanied him in the ambulance to Hollywood Memorial Hospital.
Police persue teenage joyrider across three counties.
My pursuit of academic superiority shows that I was still striving to be the person my parents wanted me to be.
She accompanied him in the ambulance to Hollywood Memorial Hospital.
Police persue teenage joyrider across three counties.
My pursuit of academic superiority shows that I was still striving to be the person my parents wanted me to be.
Properties
- ID
- #56
- Entry
- frm_cotheme
- Namespace
- Eventive.Agentive
- FrameNet version
- Cotheme (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- —
- Types
- —
- Ontological type
- —
- English name
- Cotheme
Core Frame Elements (8)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Area |
Area marks expressions which describe a general area in which the motion of Theme and Cotheme takes place when the motion is understood to be irregular and not to consist of a single linear path. Locative setting adjuncts of motion expressions may also be assigned this frame element.
The police followed the suspects all around town. |
category
location
|
— |
| Cotheme |
This frame element is the second moving object, expressed as a direct object or an oblique:
Pat accompanied me down the street. The squirrel chased after the nut . |
category
physical_object
|
— |
| Direction |
The direction in which the Theme and Cotheme move.
The tracking dogs chased their target towards the river, where they lost it. |
— | — |
| Goal |
Any expression which tells where the Cotheme ends up as a result of the motion expresses the frame element Goal. Note that if the Cotheme is animate, the Theme need not also end up in the same place. Some particles imply the existence of a Goal which is understood in the context of utterance.
The children chased the ball into the park. (The children end up in the park.) The children chased the dog into the park. (The dog ends up in the park; the children may not have entered the park.) |
category
goal
|
— |
| Path |
Path marks phrases that describe the Theme and Cotheme's trajectory of motion and which are neither expressions of the Source nor the Goal of motion. The notion Path also includes directional expressions.
The bikers followed the truck west. The bikers followed the truck through the desert. |
category
path
|
— |
| Road |
Phrases that denote a physical path on which the motion of Theme and Cotheme takes place are marked Road.The police followed the suspect on the interstate for several miles.
|
— | — |
| Source |
Source marks any expression which implies a definite starting-point of the motion of the Cotheme. In prepositional phrases, the object expresses the starting point of motion. With particles, the starting point of motion is understood from context.
The cat chased the mouse out of the house. The cat chased the mouse out. |
category
source
|
— |
| Theme |
This is the entity, frequently a living being, which moves in relation to the Cotheme. Normally the Theme frame element is expressed as an external argument.
Pat accompanied me for five miles in a blue Toyota.The squirrel chased the nut across the road. |
category
physical_object
|
— |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
CoreSet
Direction
Goal
Path
Source
Excludes
Cotheme
Road
Excludes
Area
Direction
Goal
Path
Source
Peripheral Frame Elements (10)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Distance |
Any expression which characterizes the extent of the motion of the Theme and Cotheme expresses the frame element Distance.
The police tailed the suspects for several miles. |
category
quantity
|
— |
| Duration |
The amount of time for which motion occurs.
|
category
duration
|
— |
| Following_distance |
The Following_distance is the distance between the Theme and Cotheme.
I followed him at a distance of 30 yards. |
— | — |
| Manner |
Phrases marked with this frame element describe a property of motion which is not directly related to the trajectory of the Theme's motion. Descriptions of steadiness, grace, and other things count as Manner expressions.
The bikers followed the truck furiously. |
category
manner
|
— |
| Means |
This frame element expresses the Means by which a (volitional) Theme moves in relation to the Cotheme.
The policemen chased the suspect by running after him. |
category
human_act
|
— |
| Mode_of_transportation |
This frame element denotes the means of conveyance on which the Theme is traveling. The Mode_of_Transportation can be the Theme's own body or a vehicle. Vehicles can move in any way and in any medium.
The husband accompanied his wife to the hospital in the ambulance Lily accompanied me to the store on foot |
— | — |
| Place |
The Place is the location which provides a setting for a defined motion (that is one with Source, Path or Goal).
|
category
locative_relation
|
— |
| Purpose |
This FE identifies the Purpose for which a Theme moves.
John stalked her every day to relieve his obsessions. |
category
human_act
|
— |
| Speed |
Phrases that describe the rate of motion of the Theme are marked Speed.
The detective followed the suspect at a leisurely pace. |
category
speed
|
— |
| Time |
This FE identifies the Time when the motion occurs.
|
category
time
|
— |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (5)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Depictive |
This frame element marks a depictive phrase describing the Theme.
John escorted his mother around naked |
category
state
|
— |
| Event |
An Event in which the Cotheme is involved. Usually this is some kind of travel.
Paul Simon accompanied the President on his trip to Japan |
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Explanation |
Some event or state of affairs that leads to the Theme following the Cotheme.
|
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Handle |
The Handle is active zone of the Cotheme.
Mark led Sara by the hand. |
— | — |
| Result |
Phrases marked with this frame element mark resultant states that the Cotheme can reach due to the motion event.The dogs hounded their prey to death.
|
category
event
|
— |
Frame-Frame Relations (3)
Inheritance
Using
Lexical Units (25)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| accompany.v | — | COD: go somewhere with |
| chase.v | — | COD: pursue in order to catch or catch up with. |
| conduct.v | — | COD: guide to or around a place |
| dog steps.x | — | FN: to follow in a disturbingly determined fashion. |
| dog.v | — | FN: to follow in a determined and distressing way. |
| escort.v | — | COD: accompany as an escort. |
| follow.v | — | COD: move or travel behind. |
| guide.v | — | COD: show or indicate the way to. |
| guided.a | — | FN: led by (someone or something) through an area. |
| hound.v | — | COD: harass or pursue relentlessly. |
| lead the way.v | — | FN: lead (some unspecified individual or individuals) to a location along a specific path. Although this LU, at first glance, appears to be an example of the Way Construction (see Constructicon entry), it differs in form (fixed "the" before "way", never a possessive as is usual for the Way Construction) and in meaning (the omitted Cotheme is DNI, not the INI that is usual for omitted direct objects in the Way Construction; the Goal or Path is also omissable unlike the Way Construction). |
| lead.v | — | COD: show (someone) the way to a destination by preceding or accompanying them. |
| pursue.v | — | COD: follow in order to catch or attack. |
| pursuer.n | — | FN: somebody who follows another person in order to catch or attack |
| pursuit.n | — | COD: mass noun the action of pursuing. |
| shadow.v | — | COD: follow and observe secretly |
| shepherd.v | — | COD: guide or direct somewhere. |
| show.v | — | FN: guide |
| stalk.v | — | COD: pursue or approach stealthily. |
| tag along.v | — | COD: accompany someone without invitation |
| tail.v | — | COD: secretly follow and observe (someone). |
| track.v | — | COD: follow the course or movements of |
| trail.v | — | FN: follow the trail of |
| usher.v | — | COD: show or guide somewhere. |
| walk.v | — | COD: guide, accompany, or escort (someone) on foot. |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.