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Cause_harm [agentive]
The words in this frame describe situations in which an Agent or a Cause injures a Victim. The Body_part of the Victim which is most directly affected may also be mentioned in the place of the Victim. In such cases, the Victim is often indicated as a genitive modifier of the Body_part, in which case the Victim FE is indicated on a second FE layer.
Rod saw his father beating his mother.
In the end Wormtongue is fed up with being beaten so he cuts Saruman's throat to free himself.
A mother stabbed to death by her husband made a secret will stating that he must never be allowed to care for their son.
Rod saw his father beating his mother.
In the end Wormtongue is fed up with being beaten so he cuts Saruman's throat to free himself.
A mother stabbed to death by her husband made a secret will stating that he must never be allowed to care for their son.
Properties
- ID
- #112
- Entry
- frm_cause_harm
- Namespace
- Eventive.Agentive
- FrameNet version
- Cause_harm (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- —
- Types
- —
- Ontological type
- —
- English name
- Cause_harm
Core Frame Elements (4)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agent |
Agent is the person causing the Victim's injury.
Jolosa, who|Agt broke a rival player 's jaw, was told to model his play on the England striker. Someone|Agt bashed him on the back of the head with a heavy smooth object. Claire McLaren, 16, was punched and kicked senseless by a thug|Agt. |
category
sentient
|
— |
| Body_part |
The Body_part identifies the location on the body where the bodily injury takes place.
Someone bashed him on the back of the head|BodP with a heavy smooth object. Jolosa, who broke a rival player 's jaw|BodP , was told to model his play on the England striker. |
category
body_part
|
— |
| Cause |
The Cause marks expressions that indicate some non-intentional, typically non-human, force that inflicts harm on the Victim
A falling rock crushed my ankle. |
— | — |
| Victim |
The Victim is the being or entity that is injured. If the Victim is included in the phrase indicating Body_part, the Victim FE is tagged on a second FE layer (see 3rd example).
Someone bashed him|Vic on the back of the head with a heavy smooth object. The farmer tied him to the fence to stop him butting the sheep|Vic. Jolosa, who broke a rival player 's|Vic jaw, was told to model his play on the England striker. |
category
sentient
|
— |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
CoreSet
Body_part
Victim
CoreSet
Agent
Cause
Excludes
Agent
Cause
Peripheral Frame Elements (6)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Degree |
Degree is the degree to which the Agent causes harm to the Victim.
She wanted to slap him hard|Degr for his change of mood. Fox spun around and slapped him, harder than necessary|Degr. |
category
degree
|
— |
| Instrument |
This FE is any object used to cause the injury.
Someone bashed him on the back of the head with a heavy smooth object|Ins. John butted her in the chest with his head|Ins. |
category
physical_entity
|
— |
| Manner |
The Manner in which the Agent acts upon the Victim.
He violently slapped his assailant. |
category
manner
|
— |
| Means |
An intentional action performed by the Agent that accomplishes the action indicated by the target.
Rachael injured her friend by closing the car door on his left hand. |
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Place |
Place identifies the place where the harm causing event occurs.
Boys are punched at school for payback |
category
locative_relation
|
— |
| Time |
Time identifies the time when the harm-causing event occurs.
Riot police in Nairobi clubbed four women unconscious on March 3. |
category
time
|
— |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (14)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Circumstances |
Circumstances describe the state of the world (at a particular time and place) which is specifically independent of the Cause_harm event and any of its participants.
|
— | — |
| Concessive |
This FE signifies that the state of affairs expressed by the main clause (containing the Cause_harm event) occurs or holds, and something other than that state of affairs would be expected given the state of affairs in the concessive clause.
|
— | — |
| Containing_event |
This FE identifies the event in which the harm is caused.
|
— | — |
| Depictive |
Depictive identifies any Depictive phrase describing the actor of an action.
Indeed, Henry V used to burn them alive|Depict. |
— | — |
| Duration |
Duration denotes the length of time from the beginning of the Cause_harm event to its end.
|
— | — |
| Explanation |
A fact or action somehow related to the Victim that the Agent responds to by causing harm to the Victim.
She wanted to slap him hard for his change of mood. She could easily have slapped her for that remark. |
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Frequency |
How often the Cause_harm event occurs.
|
— | — |
| Iterations |
Iterations refers to the number of times the Agent causes harm to the Victim.
Kim hit Harold with the stick a dozen times|Iter. he had slapped his wife across the face a number of times|Iter. |
— | — |
| Particular_iteration |
This FE indicates that the Cause_harm event is conceived as embedded within an iterated series of similar events or states.
|
— | — |
| Period_of_iterations |
The length of time from when the Cause_harm event began to be repeated to when it stopped.
|
— | — |
| Purpose |
Purpose identifies the purpose for which a harm-causing action is carried out.
|
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Re-encoding |
A description of the harm event which significantly displays a different aspect.
Then she elbowed me -- a serious affront to my sensibilities ! |
— | — |
| Result |
Result identifies the result of the Agent's action.
Riot police in Nairobi clubbed four women unconscious on March 3. A battered wife who burned her brutal husband to death was freed from jail yesterday. Claire McLaren, 16, was punched and kicked senseless by a thug. |
— | — |
| Subregion_bodypart |
The Subregion_bodypart defines the precise location on the Body_part which is harmed.
Martha's legs were chopped off at the knees. |
— | — |
Frame-Frame Relations (8)
Inheritance
Using
Lexical Units (72)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| bash.v | — | COD: strike hard and violently. |
| batter.v | — | COD: strike repeatedly with hard blows. |
| bayonet.v | — | COD: stab with a bayonet. |
| beat up.v | — | FN: strike repeatedly resulting in harm |
| beat.v | — | COD: strike (a person or an animal) repeatedly and violently so as to hurt or punish them. |
| belt.v | — | COD: beat or hit very hard. |
| biff.v | — | FN: punch |
| bludgeon.v | — | COD: beat with a bludgeon. |
| boil.v | — | FN: harm people by putting them in boiling water or oil |
| break.v | — | FN: to cause something to fracture |
| bruise.v | — | COD: inflict a bruise on. |
| buffet.v | — | COD: strike repeatedly and violently. |
| burn.v | — | FN: to cause someone to experience pain by applying heat to his or her body |
| butt.v | — | COD: hit with the head or horns. |
| cane.v | — | FN: hit with a cane |
| chop.v | — | COD: strike with a short, heavy blow. |
| claw.v | — | COD: scratch or tear at with the claws or fingernails. |
| clout.v | — | FN: hit forcefully |
| club.v | — | COD: beat with a club or similar implement. |
| crack.v | — | COD: hit hard |
| crush.v | — | COD: deform, pulverize, or force inwards by compressing forcefully. |
| cudgel.v | — | COD: beat with a cudgel. |
| cuff.v | — | COD: strike with an open hand, especially on the head. |
| cut.v | — | FN: to cause injury to someone by making an incision on their body with a sharp tool |
| drug.v | — | COD: to administer a drug to someone in order to induce stupor |
| elbow.v | — | FN: hit or jab with the elbow (especially in sporting competitions, or to clear a path). |
| electrocute.v | — | COD: injure or kill by electric shock |
| electrocution.n | — | FN: the killing or injuring of a person by electric shock |
| flagellate.v | — | FN: flog or whip |
| flog.v | — | COD: beat with a whip or stick as a punishment. |
| fracture.v | — | COD: break or cause to break. |
| gash.v | — | COD: make a gash in. |
| hammer.v | — | COD: hit or beat repeatedly with or as with a hammer. |
| hit.v | — | COD: direct a blow at with one's hand or a tool or weapon |
| horsewhip.v | — | COD: beat with such a whip. |
| hurt.v | — | FN: to cause someone to feel pain |
| impale.v | — | COD: transfix or pierce with a sharp instrument. |
| injure.v | — | COD: do or undergo physical harm to; wound. |
| jab.v | — | COD: poke roughly or quickly with something sharp or pointed. |
| kick.v | — | COD: strike or propel forcibly with the foot. |
| knee.v | — | FN: kick using the knee |
| knife.v | — | COD: stab with a knife. |
| knock.v | — | COD: strike or thump together or against something. |
| lash.v | — | COD: strike or beat with a whip or stick. |
| maim.v | — | COD: wound or injure (someone) so that part of the body is permanently damaged. |
| maul.v | — | COD: wound by scratching and tearing. |
| mutilate.v | — | COD: injure or damage severely, typically so as to disfigure. |
| pelt.v | — | COD: hurl missiles at. |
| poison.v | — | FN: administer poison |
| poisoning.n | — | FN: the fact of administering poison to or contaminating with poison |
| pummel.v | — | COD: strike repeatedly, especially with the fists |
| punch.v | — | COD: strike with the fist. |
| run through.v | — | FN: To seriously injure someone by forcing a long, thin object (typically a sword or knife) through their body (typically their torso). This LU is more common with the Victim appearing before the through. |
| slap.v | — | COD: hit or strike with the palm of one's hand or a flat object. |
| slice.v | — | COD: cut with or as if with a sharp implement. |
| smack.v | — | COD: hit with a smack. |
| smash.v | — | COD: break or cause to break violently into pieces. |
| spear.v | — | COD: pierce or strike with a spear or other pointed object. |
| squash.v | — | COD: crush or squeeze (something) |
| stab.v | — | COD: thrust a knife or other pointed weapon into. |
| sting.v | — | FN: impale with a usually poisonous stinger |
| stone.v | — | COD: throw stones at in order to injure or kill. |
| strike.n | — | FN: a quick, forcible blow |
| strike.v | — | FN: to deliver a blow to someone, causing injury |
| swipe.v | — | FN: scratch |
| thwack.v | — | COD: strike forcefully with a sharp blow. |
| torture.v | — | FN: to inflict severe pain as a punishment or a forcible means of persuasion |
| transfix.v | — | COD: pierce with a sharp implement or weapon. |
| twist.v | — | FN: to injure by forcing a body part into distorted position |
| welt.v | — | COD: strike hard and heavily. |
| whip.v | — | COD: beat with a whip. |
| wound.v | — | COD: inflict a wound on. |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.