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Sounds [phenomenon]
This frame is concerned with the percepts that vibrations which travel through the air or another medium produce in hearing organs. Sounds are a subtype of sensation. In talking about sounds, speakers often provide information about how the sound was produced. A Noisy_event may be mentioned which gives rise to the sound. Alternatively, the sound may be attributed to a Sound_source, which is construed as a point source emitting the sound. A further possible specification of what gives rise to the sound is for speakers to talk about two physical entities coming into contact by motion, resulting in either friction or impact.
Although this frame is defined in terms of a phenomenon of objective reality, many instances of the LUs in this frame are metonymic references to purely psychological phenomena due to a strong metaphorical relationship between external and internal reality. Furthermore, many of the LUs in this frame such as chuckle.n or whimper.n require a perceiver's analysis of a sound rather than being purely descriptive.
I awoke to the clash of a jackhammer on concrete.
Although this frame is defined in terms of a phenomenon of objective reality, many instances of the LUs in this frame are metonymic references to purely psychological phenomena due to a strong metaphorical relationship between external and internal reality. Furthermore, many of the LUs in this frame such as chuckle.n or whimper.n require a perceiver's analysis of a sound rather than being purely descriptive.
I awoke to the clash of a jackhammer on concrete.
Properties
- ID
- #850
- Entry
- frm_sounds
- Namespace
- Eventive.Phenomenon
- FrameNet version
- Sounds (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- —
- Types
- —
- Ontological type
- —
- English name
- Sounds
Core Frame Elements (1)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sound_source |
An entity that is construed as a single point source emitting sound.
He woke up because of the blare of a car horn. |
— | — |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
Excludes
Component_sound
Ground
Noisy_event
Sound_source
Theme
Themes
Peripheral Frame Elements (10)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Component_sound |
The sound percept may be characterized in terms of Component_sounds. The lunch itself was held in a huge room and there was a constant babble of noise
|
— | — |
| Degree |
Expressions that indicate the loudness of the sound.
|
category
degree
|
— |
| Ground |
An entity construed as stationary on or against which the Theme moves, resulting in either friction or impact. This entity is given less grammatical prominence compared to the Theme and is usually encoded in a spatial prepositional phrase.
He heard the clang of metal on metal , and a ricochet whined viciously past his head . |
— | — |
| Location_of_sound_source |
The place from which the sound emanates.
There followed a small silence that was interrupted by a distant clatterof metal from the ward. |
— | — |
| Manner |
Certain properties of the sound relating to its production, loudness, etc may be of lexicographic interest if they describe properties of a sounds as such: loudly, shrilly, etc.
The Brigadier had heard the faint tinkle of sheepbells |
category
manner
|
— |
| Noisy_event |
An event during which sound is produced.
|
— | — |
| Path |
The Path along which the sound travels away from the Sound_source.
As he opened the throttle, the roar of the BMW's engine bit into the moan and howl of the wind across the culvert's mouth |
— | — |
| Place |
The location at which sound is produced. This FE differs from Location_of_sound_source in that it does not highlight the sound's spreading from its source to the perceiver's location, which is usually indicated by the preposition "from".
There was a clatter of running feet in the street outside. |
category
locative_relation
|
— |
| Theme |
One of two entities which is construed as moving relative to the other, resulting in either friction or impact. This entity is given greater syntactic prominence--it is either a possessor or an of-complement of the noun phrase head.
He heard the clang of metal on metal , and a ricochet whined viciously past his head |
category
physical_object
|
— |
| Themes |
Two entities that are both moving against each other, resulting in either friction or impact.
The sound of voices and the clink of glasses was like music to her ears |
— | — |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (2)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Explanation |
This FE idntifies the Explanation that the Sound_source produces the sound. Generally, this is some external stimulus that prompts the Sound_source to make noise.
|
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Internal_cause |
The noise-making may be prompted by either some outside phenomenon or occurrence, or by an Internal_cause, that is the mental or emotional state of an animate Sound_source.
She checked a giggle of hysteria |
— | — |
Frame-Frame Relations (4)
Inheritance
See_also
Using
Lexical Units (87)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| babble.n | — | COD: the sound of babbling. |
| bang.n | — | COD: a sudden loud, sharp noise. |
| bark.n | — | COD: the sharp explosive cry of a dog, fox, or seal. |
| beep.n | — | COD: a short, high-pitched sound emitted by electronic equipment or a vehicle horn. |
| bellow.n | — | COD: a loud, deep shout or sound. |
| blare.n | — | COD: a loud, harsh sound. |
| blast.n | — | COD: a single loud note of a horn or whistle. |
| bleat.n | — | FN: a weak, wavering cry made by, or similar to that made by a sheep or goat |
| boom.n | — | COD: a loud, deep, resonant sound. |
| bray.n | — | COD: the loud, harsh cry of a donkey. |
| burble.n | — | FN: continuous murmuring noise |
| buzz.n | — | COD: a low, continuous humming or murmuring sound, made by or similar to that made by an insect |
| cackle.n | — | COD: a cackling sound. |
| caw.n | — | COD: the harsh cry of a rook, crow, or similar bird. |
| chatter.n | — | COD: a series of short quick high-pitched sounds |
| cheep.n | — | FN: a shrill squeaky cry made by, or similar to that made by a young bird |
| chirp.n | — | COD: a chirping sound. |
| chuckle.n | — | COD: a quiet or suppressed laugh. |
| clack.n | — | COD: a clacking sound |
| clang.n | — | COD: a loud, resonant metallic sound. |
| clash.n | — | COD: an instance of clashing. |
| clatter.n | — | COD: a loud rattling sound as of hard objects falling or striking each other. |
| click.n | — | FN: a short, sharp sound as of two metallic or plastic objects coming smartly into contact |
| clink.n | — | COD: a sharp ringing sound, such as that made when metal or glass are struck. |
| coo.n | — | COD: a cooing sound. |
| cough.n | — | COD: a sound of coughing |
| creak.n | — | COD: a creaking sound. |
| crunch.n | — | COD: a crunching sound. |
| drone.n | — | COD: a low continuous humming sound. |
| gasp.n | — | COD: a convulsive catching of breath |
| giggle.n | — | COD: a laugh of such a kind. |
| growl.n | — | COD: a growling sound. |
| grunt.n | — | COD: a grunting sound. |
| guffaw.n | — | COD: a loud and boisterous laugh. |
| gurgle.n | — | COD: a gurgling sound. |
| hiss.n | — | FN: a hissing sound (when human, made in disapproval) |
| hoot.n | — | FN: a low musical sound made by an owl or a similar sound made by a horn, siren, etc. |
| hum.n | — | COD: a low, steady continuous sound. |
| mew.n | — | COD: a mewing noise. |
| moan.n | — | FN: a long, low sound, typically expressing grief |
| neigh.n | — | COD: a characteristic high whinnying sound made by a horse. |
| noise.n | — | COD: a sound, especially one that is loud, unpleasant, or disturbing. |
| patter.n | — | COD: a repeated light tapping. |
| peal.n | — | FN: a loud sound or succession of sounds, especially of bells or laughter |
| peep.n | — | COD: a weak, high-pitched sound made by a young bird or mammal. |
| plash.n | — | COD: a splashing sound. |
| plop.n | — | COD: a short sound as of a small, solid object dropping into water without a splash. |
| plunk.n | — | COD: a plunking sound. |
| purr.n | — | COD: a purring sound. |
| quack.n | — | COD: the characteristic harsh sound made by a duck. |
| rap.n | — | FN: the sound of a quick, sharp knock or blow |
| rasp.n | — | COD: a harsh, grating noise. |
| roar.n | — | COD: a full, deep, prolonged sound as made by a lion, natural force, or engine |
| rustle.n | — | COD: a rustling sound. |
| scrape.n | — | COD: an act or sound of scraping. |
| screech.n | — | COD: a loud, harsh, piercing cry or sound. |
| scrunch.n | — | COD: a loud crunching noise |
| sizzle.n | — | COD: an instance or the sound of sizzling. |
| slap.n | — | COD: an act or sound of slapping. |
| smack.n | — | COD: a sharp blow or slap, typically one given with the palm of the hand. |
| snarl.n | — | COD: an act or sound of snarling. |
| snigger.n | — | COD: a smothered or half-suppressed laugh. |
| snore.n | — | COD: a snorting or grunting sound in a person's breathing while they are asleep. |
| snort.n | — | FN: an explosive sound made by the sudden forcing of breath through the nose |
| sob.n | — | COD: an act or sound of sobbing. |
| sough.n | — | FN: a moaning, whistling, or rushing sound |
| sound.n | — | COD: a thing that can be heard. |
| squawk.n | — | COD: an act of squawking. |
| squeal.n | — | COD: a long, high-pitched cry or noise |
| thump.n | — | COD: a heavy dull blow or noise |
| thunder.n | — | COD: a loud rumbling or crashing noise heard after a lightning flash due to the expansion of rapidly heated air. |
| tinkle.n | — | COD: a tinkling sound. |
| titter.n | — | COD: a short, half-suppressed laugh |
| toll.n | — | COD: a single ring of a bell |
| trumpet.n | — | COD: the loud cry of an elephant |
| tweet.n | — | COD: the chirp of a small or young bird. |
| twitter.n | — | COD: a twittering sound. |
| wail.n | — | FN: a prolonged high-pitched sound |
| whimper.n | — | FN: a series of low, feeble sounds expressive of fear, pain, or discontent |
| whine.n | — | COD: a long, high-pitched unpleasant sound. |
| whinny.n | — | COD: a gentle, high-pitched neigh. |
| whistle.n | — | FN: a clear, high-pitched sound such as the one made by forcing breath through a small hole between partly closed lips, or between one's teeth |
| yammer.n | — | COD: loud and sustained noise. |
| yap.n | — | COD: a sharp, shrill bark. |
| yelp.n | — | COD: a short sharp cry, especially of pain or alarm. |
| yodel.n | — | COD: a song or call delivered in such a way. |
| yowl.n | — | COD: a loud wailing cry of pain or distress |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.