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Causation [agentive]
A Cause causes an Effect. Alternatively, an Actor, a participant of a (implicit) Cause, may stand in for the Cause. The entity Affected by the Causation may stand in for the overall Effect situation or event.
Those frames that inherit the Causation frame have as their background the idea that some event is responsible for the occurrence of another event (or state). In the inheriting frame, typically an FE like Agent or Causer is proposed in the place of the Actor, but in the daughter frames, as in this frame, the Actor is semantically dependent on the idea of a Cause (an event or state-of-affairs) that the Actor is a participant in. Similarly, most inheriting frames profile only the Affected entity, not the full Effect situation which is often incorporated into the frame or the particular target. So, for example, paint.v in the Filling frame entails the final situation of something (the Affected) being covered in paint (the Effect).
He|act made me angry.
If such a small earthquake causes problems, just imagine a big one!
The strange mutations of the rumor mill in the end led to it being said that he was actually a woman.
You 've made it impossible to continue!
The ending left me feeling kinda empty.
Those frames that inherit the Causation frame have as their background the idea that some event is responsible for the occurrence of another event (or state). In the inheriting frame, typically an FE like Agent or Causer is proposed in the place of the Actor, but in the daughter frames, as in this frame, the Actor is semantically dependent on the idea of a Cause (an event or state-of-affairs) that the Actor is a participant in. Similarly, most inheriting frames profile only the Affected entity, not the full Effect situation which is often incorporated into the frame or the particular target. So, for example, paint.v in the Filling frame entails the final situation of something (the Affected) being covered in paint (the Effect).
He|act made me angry.
If such a small earthquake causes problems, just imagine a big one!
The strange mutations of the rumor mill in the end led to it being said that he was actually a woman.
You 've made it impossible to continue!
The ending left me feeling kinda empty.
Properties
- ID
- #5
- Entry
- frm_causation
- Namespace
- Eventive.Agentive
- FrameNet version
- Causation (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- —
- Types
- —
- Ontological type
- —
- English name
- Causation
Core Frame Elements (2)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Actor |
An entity which participates in a Cause, perhaps volitionally and perhaps not.
That one stone, apparently, caused the avalanche that engulfed square miles of forest. Stephen Hawking caused an uproar when the results were published. |
category
sentient
|
— |
| Affected |
Agents in a joint or reciprocal action (e.g. exchange)
|
— | — |
Core Unexpressed Frame Elements (2)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cause |
A force, process, or event that produces an effect.
The wind made the door rattle. The accident caused them to be more careful the next time. |
— | — |
| Effect |
A positive or negative evaluation of the Phenomenon.
|
— | — |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
CoreSet
Actor
Cause
CoreSet
Affected
Effect
Peripheral Frame Elements (4)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manner |
Any holistic description of the event, including overall depictions (the same way) and descriptions pertaining to the Actor's influence on the character of the event (eagerly, quietly).
|
— | — |
| Means |
An action through which the Actor or Cause accomplishes the action indicated by the target.
|
— | — |
| Place |
Where the event takes place.
|
category
locative_relation
|
— |
| Time |
This FE identifies the Time when the event occurs.
|
category
time
|
— |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (4)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Circumstances |
Circumstances describe the state of the world (at a particular time and place) which is specifically independent of the event itself and any of its participants.
|
— | — |
| Concessive |
This FE signifies that the state of affairs expressed by the main clause (containing the target) occurs or holds, and something other than that state of affairs would be expected given the state of affairs in the concessive clause.
|
— | — |
| Explanation |
The Explanation denotes a proposition from which the main clause (headed by the target) logically follows. This often means that the Explanation causes the target's proposition, but not in all cases.
|
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Frequency |
How often the action denoted by the target occurs.
|
— | — |
Frame-Frame Relations (5)
Inheritance
Perspective
Using
Lexical Units (39)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| because of.prep | — | COD: by reason of. |
| because.conj | — | COD: for the reason that; since |
| bring about.v | — | COD: cause something to happen. |
| bring on.v | — | FN: lead to |
| bring.v | — | COD: cause to be in a particular state or condition. |
| causative.a | — | COD: acting as a cause |
| cause.n | — | COD: a person or thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition. |
| cause.v | — | COD: be the cause of; make happen. |
| consequence.n | — | FN: a situation or entity that results from some event |
| consequent.a | — | FN: resulting, caused by an earlier event |
| consequential.a | — | FN: resulting, espescially resutling indirectly from an earlier event |
| dictate.v | — | controlled by |
| due to.prep | — | FN: because of |
| for.conj | — | FN: because, for the reason that |
| force.v | — | FN: cause to do something by hostile means |
| give rise.v | — | FN: make happen or produce |
| induce.v | — | COD: bring about or give rise to. |
| lead.v | — | FN: "One thing leads to another"; a rather vaguely defined sort of causation, although often used in quite definite cases: "Smoking leads to higher rates of lung cancer". |
| leave.v | — | FN: render |
| legacy.n | — | FN: in this frame, simply a metaphorical term for a result. |
| make.v | — | COD: cause to exist or come about; bring about or perform |
| mean.v | — | COD: have as a consequence or result. |
| motivate.v | — | FN: provide with a motive |
| precipitate.v | — | COD: cause (an undesirable event) to happen unexpectedly or prematurely. |
| put.v | — | COD: bring into a particular state or condition. |
| raise.v | — | COD: cause to be heard, felt, or considered |
| reason.n | — | COD: a cause, explanation, or justification. |
| render.v | — | COD: cause to be or become. |
| responsible.a | — | FN: accountable for something that has happened |
| result.n | — | FN: the outcome of an occurance |
| result.v | — | COD: have (a specified end or outcome). |
| resultant.a | — | FN: resulting, of a situation or event caused by an earlier event |
| resulting.a | — | FN: occuring or produced as a result of some other event |
| see.v | — | FN: for the existence of one thing or event to lead, even subtly, to the occurance of another thing or event. |
| send.v | — | COD: cause to be in a specified state: |
| since.conj | — | COD: for the reason that; because. |
| so.conj | — | FN: in order to, causing |
| sway.v | — | COD: cause to change in opinion, action, etc.; influence. |
| wreak.v | — | FN: cause (usually damage or harm) |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.