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Attack [agentive]

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An Assailant physically attacks a Victim (which is usually but not always sentient), causing or intending to cause the Victim physical damage. A Weapon used by the Assailant may also be mentioned, in addition to the usual Place, Time, Purpose, Explanation, etc. Sometimes a location is used metonymically to stand for the Assailant or the Victim, and in such cases the Place FE will be annotated on a second FE layer.

As soon as he stepped out of the bar he was set upon by four men in ski-masks.
Is he|Asl invading Iraq just to cover other shortcomings|Purp?
Then Jon-O's forces ambushed them on the left flank from a line of low hills.

Properties

ID
#424
Entry
frm_attack
Namespace
Eventive.Agentive
FrameNet version
Attack (fn_1.7_2023)
Domains
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Types
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Ontological type
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English name
Attack

Core Frame Elements (2)

Core Frame Elements
Frame element Definition Semantic type Constraint
Assailant
The person (or other self-directed entity) that is attempting physical harm to the Victim.
The mysterious fighter attacked the guardsmen with a sabre.
category
sentient
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Victim
This FE is the being or entity that is injured by the Assailant's attack.
The mysterious fighter attacked the guardsmen with a sabre.
category
sentient
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Peripheral Frame Elements (10)

Peripheral Frame Elements
Frame element Definition Semantic type Constraint
Direction
This FE is used for expressions that indicate motion along a line from the deitic center towards a reference point (which may be implicit) that is neither the goal of motion nor a landmark along the way.

They will no doubt launch an attack towards the weakest area of our territory.
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Duration
The amount of time that the attack lasts.

The day-long|dur attack crushed our morale.
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Manner
Any description of the event which is not covered by more specific FEs, including epistemic modification (probably, presumably, mysteriously), force (hard, softly), secondary effects (quietly, loudly), and general descriptions comparing events (the same way). It may also indicate salient characteristics of an Assailant that also affect the action (presumptuously, coldly, deliberately, eagerly, carefully).
category
manner
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Means
An intentional action performed by the Assailant that accomplishes the assault.
Japanese ambushed Americans by bombing Pearl Harbor.
category
state_of_affairs
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Path
The Path refers to (a part of) the ground over which the Assailant travels.
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Place
This FE identifies the place where the Assailant makes an assault on the Victim.
Then Jon-O's forces ambushed them on the left flank from a line of low hills.
category
locative_relation
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Purpose
This FE identifies the purpose for which an Assailant attacks the Victim.
John assaulted Thibault to prove his manhood.
category
state_of_affairs
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Source
The starting-point of the motion of the Assailant or projectiles of the Assailant as they move toward the the Place that the Victim is occupying in the attack. In prepositional phrases, the prepositional object expresses the starting point of motion. With particles, the starting point of motion is understood from context.
category
source
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Time
This FE identifies the time when the Assailant attacks the Victim.
As soon as he stepped out of the bar he was set upon by four men in ski-masks.
category
time
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Weapon
An entity used by the Assailant to cause damage to the Victim.
The mysterious fighter attacked the guardsmen with a sabre.
category
physical_entity
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Extra-thematic Frame Elements (10)

Extra-thematic Frame Elements
Frame element Definition Semantic type Constraint
Circumstances
Circumstances describe the state of the world (at a particular time and place) which is specifically independent of the event itself and any of its participants.
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Containing_event
This FE denotes an event that occurs or state of affairs that holds at a time that includes the time during which the event or state of affairs reported by the target occurs and of which it is taken to be a part.
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Depictive
This FE is used for any Depictive phrase describing the state of the Assailant or Victim while the attack occurs.
They attacked us in large numbers.
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Event_description
In general, this FE is used for phrases that describe the clause of the target as a whole. There are two somewhat distinct subgroups of sentence modifiers that cover this function.
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Explanation
A state of affairs that the Assailant is responding to that leads them to make an assault on the Victim.
Gloria attacked Michael for the cause of Justice|Exp.
category
state_of_affairs
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Frequency
The number (or description of the number) of times an attack takes place over a period of time.

They attack daily.
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Iterations
The frame element Iterations is used for expressions that indicate the number of times an event or state (of the kind denoted by the target in its clause) has taken place or held.
Form: once, twice, Cardinal expression + /it times, /it lots/a lot
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Particular_iteration
Expressions marked with this extra-thematic FE modify a non-iterative use of the target, and indicate that it is conceived as embedded within an iterated series of similar events or states. In addition, most expressions of Particular_iteration indicate which instance of the series is being referred to.
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Re-encoding
This FE presents the current frame as an integral part of a larger conceptualization expressed by another frame. The frame expressed by the target typically corresponds to a Means action within the frame expressed by the Re-encoding, but not necessarily.
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Result
The Result of the attack on the Victim by the Assailant.
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Frame-Frame Relations (7)

Inheritance

Inheritance relations
Inherits from
Intentionally_affect
FE-FE
Is Inherited By
Besieging
FE-FE
Is Inherited By
Counterattack
FE-FE
Is Inherited By
Invading
FE-FE
Is Inherited By
Suicide_attack
FE-FE

Perspective

Perspective relations
Perspective on
Hostile_encounter
FE-FE

Using

Using relations
Is used by
Defending
FE-FE

Lexical Units (38)

Lexical units of this frame
LU Type Definition
airstrike.n โ€” FN: attack carried out by aircraft.
ambush.n โ€” COD: a surprise attack by people lying in wait in a concealed position.
ambush.v โ€” FN: attack unexpectedly from a concealed position.
assail.v โ€” COD: make a concerted or violent attack on.
assailant.n โ€” FN: an attacker.
assault.n โ€” COD: a violent attack.
assault.v โ€” COD: make an assault on.
attack.n โ€” COD: an instance of attacking.
attack.v โ€” COD: take aggressive action against.
attacker.n โ€” FN: individual who makes an attack.
bomb.v โ€” COD: attack with a bomb or bombs.
bombard.v โ€” FN: assail with projectiles and/or explosives.
bombardment.n โ€” FN: an attack with launched projectiles and explosives.
bombing.n โ€” COD: the act of attacking with a bomb or bombs.
charge.n โ€” COD: a headlong rush forward, typically in attack.
charge.v โ€” COD: rush forward in attack.
drive-by.n โ€” FN: a shooting in which the assailants fire weapons from a vehicle and immediately depart to avoid capture.
fall.v โ€” FN: attack suddenly and forcefully. (used only with PP-upon/on)
fire.n โ€” FN: attack by projectile weapons.
hit.v โ€” FN: to strike.
incursion.n โ€” COD: an invasion or attack, especially a sudden or brief one.
infiltrate.v โ€” FN: to sneak across enemy lines with the intention of spying or attacking
infiltration.n โ€” FN: the event of infiltrating
jump.v โ€” COD: attack suddenly and unexpectedly.
lay.v โ€” COD: attack violently.
offensive.a โ€” COD: (of a military operation or weapon) involved or used in active attack.
offensive.n โ€” COD: a military campaign of attack.
onset.n โ€” COD: a military attack.
onslaught.n โ€” COD: a fierce or destructive attack.
raid.n โ€” COD: a rapid surprise attack on people or premises.
raid.v โ€” FN: conduct a surprise attack
saf.n โ€” FN: an acronym for small arms fire.
safire.n โ€” FN: small arms fire.
set.v โ€” COD: attack (someone) violently. (NB: used only with PP-upon/on.)
small arms fire.n โ€” FN: an attack via small arms such as rifles, revolvers, light machine guns, and grenade launchers.
storm.v โ€” COD: (of troops) suddenly attack and capture (a place).
strike.n โ€” COD: a sudden attack, typically a military one.
strike.v โ€” COD: attack suddenly.
Frame Chain TQR Visual Units

None.

None.

No visual units

This frame has no visual-unit images.