FrameNet Berkeley
Frame Report
Search the frame index by name, then open a frame to read its full report.
Searching frames
Sending [agentive]
A Sender plans the Path (along with Source and Goal) of a Theme and places it in circumstances such that it travels along this Path under the power of some entity other than the Sender. This frame also has a Recipient distinct from the Goal, as both can be present:
I sent the manuscript to England to Bill.
I forwarded the grain to a dealer in Frankfurt.
This frame contains verbs that participate in the ditransitive construction, with a recipient as the direct object, as in the following: I sent Bill the manuscript.
Certain Verbs in this Frame focus on the initial sending act, while others do not. For example, I sent it rapidly can either mean the act of sending was initiated quickly or that it moved quickly.
However, the in following sentence: I exported/dispatched it rapidly, meaning that the act was begun quickly, both types of verbs are included.
I sent the manuscript to England to Bill.
I forwarded the grain to a dealer in Frankfurt.
This frame contains verbs that participate in the ditransitive construction, with a recipient as the direct object, as in the following: I sent Bill the manuscript.
Certain Verbs in this Frame focus on the initial sending act, while others do not. For example, I sent it rapidly can either mean the act of sending was initiated quickly or that it moved quickly.
However, the in following sentence: I exported/dispatched it rapidly, meaning that the act was begun quickly, both types of verbs are included.
Properties
- ID
- #243
- Entry
- frm_sending
- Namespace
- Eventive.Agentive
- FrameNet version
- Sending (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- —
- Types
- —
- Ontological type
- —
- English name
- Sending
Core Frame Elements (5)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Goal |
The end of the path and intended goal of the sending.
I sent the logs to the shed. |
category
goal
|
— |
| Recipient |
This is the recipient of the sent Theme.
Tess mailed a letter to Abby |
— | — |
| Sender |
This is the person who initiates the movement of the Theme and, unlike Carrying, does not accompany it.
|
— | — |
| Theme |
The objects being sent.
I mailed the books to Alaska. Note that Theme may be multiply instantiated. They maileda questionnaire with a return envelope. |
category
physical_object
|
— |
| Transport_means |
The mode of sending employed.
I shipped the crops by bigrig . |
— | — |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
CoreSet
Goal
Recipient
CoreSet
Sender
Transport_means
Peripheral Frame Elements (8)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Degree |
Degree to which event occurs
|
category
degree
|
— |
| Distance |
This FE is any expression characterizing the extent of motion of the Theme. Pat threw the Javelin 50 meters.
|
— | — |
| Manner |
Manner of performing an action
|
category
manner
|
— |
| Path |
Path along which movement occurs.
I shipped the books along Interstate 65. |
— | — |
| Place |
A spatial setting encomnpassing the Source location, where the Sending event takes place.
Barney posted the letter on Monday in Athens |
category
locative_relation
|
— |
| Purpose |
The Purpose of the sending.
Rachel sent the letter to her mother to let her know about the marriage. |
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Source |
The beginning of the path, similar to source except that it serves to define the path.
I sent wood from Illinois to California. |
category
source
|
— |
| Time |
When the sending takes place
I sent the letter to you last week. |
category
time
|
— |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (4)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Container |
A container in which the Theme is sent.
Please send in the request in a self-addressed stamped envelope|Cont. |
— | — |
| Cotheme |
An additional theme sent along with the main Theme.
|
— | — |
| Depictive |
Depictive phrase describing the Sender or Theme
He faxed his order while brushing his teeth|dep |
— | — |
| Explanation |
The Explanation for the sending.
Letters are generally forwarded for several months because people are lazy about telling people their new location|exp. |
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
Frame-Frame Relations (4)
See_also
Using
Lexical Units (17)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| barge.v | — | FN: send via a vessell that travels through the water |
| dispatch.v | — | COD: send off promptly to a destination or for a purpose. |
| export.v | — | COD: send (goods or services) to another country for sale. |
| express.v | — | FN: send in the post with a short delivery time |
| fax.v | — | COD: send (a document) by fax. |
| forward.v | — | COD: dispatch; send. |
| mail.v | — | COD: with obj. send (a letter or parcel) by post. |
| post.v | — | COD: with obj. chiefly Brit. send via the postal system. |
| refer.v | — | COD: pass a matter to a higher body for a decision. |
| route.v | — | COD: v.1.routeing or routing with obj. and adverbial of direction send or direct along a specified course. |
| send.v | — | COD: with obj. cause to go or be taken or delivered to a particular destination. |
| ship.v | — | FN: cause to be transported (esp. on a ship). |
| shipment.n | — | COD: a consignment of goods shipped. |
| shipment.n | — | COD: the action of shipping goods. |
| shipping.n | — | FN: transporting freight by ship |
| telex.v | — | FN: send via telex |
| wire.v | — | FN: send by telegram or electronically |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.