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Traversing [change]
A Theme changes location with respect to a salient location, which can be expressed by a Source, Path, Goal, Area, Direction, Path_shape, or Distance, as shown in the examples below:
Start your ascent from Achintree Farm in Glen Nevis.
We crossed the desert.
She jumped across the ditch that marked the entrance to the woods.
The children hopped into the neighbor's yard.
I leaped twenty feet before slipping and falling.
As they did so, the plane circled lower.
Boyner has been [crisscrossing|target] the country since May|dur.
Start your ascent from Achintree Farm in Glen Nevis.
We crossed the desert.
She jumped across the ditch that marked the entrance to the woods.
The children hopped into the neighbor's yard.
I leaped twenty feet before slipping and falling.
As they did so, the plane circled lower.
Boyner has been [crisscrossing|target] the country since May|dur.
Properties
- ID
- #1310
- Entry
- frm_traversing
- Namespace
- Eventive.Change
- FrameNet version
- Traversing (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- —
- Types
- —
- Ontological type
- —
- English name
- Traversing
Core Frame Elements (8)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Area |
This frame element is used for expressions which describe a general area in which motion takes place when the motion is understood to be irregular and not to consist of a single linear path.
The bikers crisscrossed the desert. Note that this FE should not be used for any locational modifier which would occur just as naturally with a non-motion predicate, like speech. |
— | — |
| Direction |
The direction in which the Theme goes.
The frogs jumped down|dir through the meadow. |
— | — |
| Distance |
Any expression which characterizes the extent of motion expresses the frame element Distance.
I leaped twenty feet before slipping and falling. |
— | — |
| Goal |
Any expression which tells where the Theme ends up as a result of the motion expresses the frame element Goal.
The children hopped into the neighbor's yard. Some particles imply the existence of a Goal which is understood in the context of utterance: The children hopped over and sat down. |
category
goal
|
— |
| Path |
Any description of a trajectory of motion which is neither a Source nor a Goal (see below) expresses the frame element Path, including directional expressions:
The bikers crisscrossed through the desert. The cyclist ascended towards the gate. |
— | — |
| Path_shape |
The configuration formed by the entire Path of the Theme, taken simultaneously.
He circled downward in a spiral|PS. |
— | — |
| Source |
Any expression which implies a definite starting-point of motion expresses the frame element Source. In prepositional phrases, the prepositional object expresses the starting point of motion. In particles, the starting point of motion is understood from context.
The cat crossed the street from her yard. |
category
source
|
— |
| Theme |
This is the object which moves. In many sentences this FE will be expressed as something which moves under its own power. However, this FE is not required to be an animate mover, so it is different from Self_mover.
Kim crossed through the woods. |
category
physical_object
|
— |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
CoreSet
Direction
Distance
Goal
Path
Path_shape
Source
Excludes
Area
Direction
Distance
Goal
Path
Source
Peripheral Frame Elements (6)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duration |
The length of time that the Theme spends in motion.
|
category
duration
|
— |
| Manner |
Any expression which describes a property of motion which is not directly related to the trajectory of motion expresses the frame element Manner. Descriptions of speed, steadiness, grace, means of motion, and other things count as Manner expressions.
The bikers crossed furiously through the desert. |
category
manner
|
— |
| Means |
An event involving the Theme that results in the Theme moving in the specified way.
The less experienced mountaneers ascended by crawling|Mns. |
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Place |
The Place is where the motion (which is specified by a Source, Path or Goal) is located.
|
category
locative_relation
|
— |
| Speed |
The Speed is the rate at which the Theme moves.
|
category
speed
|
— |
| Time |
The time at which the motion takes place.
They crisscrossed the country in April|tim. |
category
time
|
— |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (18)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Circumstances |
The state of the world (at a particular time and place) which is specifically independent of the Traversing event itself and any of its participants, and is merely peripherally related to the event as a whole.
|
— | — |
| Containing_event |
An event that occurs or state of affairs that holds at the time the Traversing occurs and which the Traversing is taken to be a part of.
|
— | — |
| Coordinated_event |
The label Coordinated_event is to be used for phrases denoting an event-it does not allow states-that the Traversing is rhythmically aligned with. The Coordinated_event is conceived of as independent: it would occur regardless of the event expressed by the target, which is not even an incidental or optional sub-part of the Coordinated_event.
|
— | — |
| Cotheme |
This is the second moving object, expressed as a direct object or an oblique:
The squirrel leaped after it. |
— | — |
| Degree |
Degree to which event occurs
|
category
degree
|
— |
| Depictive |
Depictive phrase describing the actor of an action
We crisscrossed the country naked |
— | — |
| Endpoints |
The Source and Goal of either a single or a repeated motion taken together as Endpoints of the Path.
A large plastic "football" wildly passed between goal posts. |
— | — |
| Event_description |
In general, this FE is used for phrases that describe the clause of the target as a whole. There are two somewhat distinct subgroups of sentence modifiers that cover this function.
|
— | — |
| Explanation |
A factor which explains the particular motion or manner of motion of the Theme.
|
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Frequency |
The number of times that an action occurs in a given time.
|
— | — |
| Iterations |
The frame element Iterations is used for expressions that indicate the number of times an event or state (of the kind denoted by the target in its clause) has taken place or held.
|
— | — |
| Means_of_motion |
The device or bodypart that serves to move the Theme.
We crossed the river by boat. Bravo company broke an axle while trying to jump a ditch in a Humvee. |
— | — |
| New_situation |
An unexpected event that affects some agent (usually the Theme), which is enabled by, and occurs after, the Traversing.
|
— | — |
| Period_of_iterations |
The time period within which the motion event occurs repeatedly.
|
— | — |
| Purpose |
The state-of-affairs that the Theme wishes to bring about.
The participants circled around in order to avoid the house.|pur. |
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Re-encoding |
A larger conceptualization that includes the Traversing as an integral part. The Traversing expressed by the target typically corresponds to a Means action in this larger conceptualization.
|
— | — |
| Reciprocation |
An event paired with the motion, which explains why the motion is expected. In particular, or an action that Reciprocation is used to indicate an action that is being rewarded or punished by the motion, is paired with the motion as the other side of an agreement.
|
— | — |
| Result |
The state of the Theme at the end of the event.
|
— | — |
Frame-Frame Relations (7)
Inheritance
Perspective
SubFrame
Using
Lexical Units (14)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| ascend.v | — | FN: climb up. |
| ascent.n | — | FN: the process of climbing up (an inclined entity). |
| circle.v | — | FN: move in a circle around |
| crisscross.v | — | COD: move or travel around (a place) by going back and forth repeatedly. |
| cross.v | — | FN: go to the other side of (a bridge or obstacle). |
| descend.v | — | COD: move downward |
| descent.n | — | FN: the action of coming down (something). |
| hop.v | — | COD: jump over. |
| jump.v | — | COD: pass over by jumping. |
| leap.v | — | COD: jump across. |
| mount.v | — | COD: climb up or on to; ascend. |
| pass.v | — | COD: go past or across; leave behind or on one side in proceeding. |
| skirt.v | — | FN: to move around the edge of a location |
| traverse.v | — | FN: travel across or through. |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.