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Dynamism [gradable]
A physical Exerter, Action, or Force exerts energy at a level specified by the target. This frame covers both individual-level/static uses ("an INTENSE person") as well as stage-level/dynamic uses ("an INTENSE look"), although the individual-level meaning seems more basic.
Although an energetic and able warrior|Exer, Charlemagne tended to direct battles rather than fight in person.
She dumped a mug on the bedside table|Act with such|Deg vigor that steaming coffee spashed out.
Swing the racket with dynamic force|For.
I|Exer felt particularly|Deg sluggish at work|Pla that day|Tim.
Exerter, Action, and Force belong to a Core set.
This frame also covers several productive metaphor cases. In the first one, movement or change caused by a social entity is conveyed as energy exerted by a physical entity. 'Social' here encompasses entities that are economic, political, technological, historical, cultural, and intimate:
The private sector|Exer is so much more|Deg dynamic.
Singh had been under intense political pressure|Exer.
Economies|Exer are still|Tim sluggish.
Relatedly, the influential effect of an psychological entity is described in terms of energy exertion by a physical entity. 'Psychological' includes the intellectual, emotional, and creative:
Sinead's|Exer emotional|Dom intensity permeates every nuance of every lyric.
He finds the Poet Laureate's theory about Shakespeare|Exer to be more|Deg energetic than persuasive|Deg.
Both metaphors appear to involve a third metaphor, which is the anthropomorphization of processes (see examples directly above) or inhuman entities (e.g. in nature):
The lazy creak|Act of sails
The energetic waves|Exer
A broad, lethargic river|Exer
Further, there is a metonymy wherein energy exerted by people carrying out an activity characterizes instead a central object or other component of the activity:
Lucker plays lazy games|Act.
She thought the lazy days|Exer in France would never end.
Compare to: Level_of_force_exertion.
Although an energetic and able warrior|Exer, Charlemagne tended to direct battles rather than fight in person.
She dumped a mug on the bedside table|Act with such|Deg vigor that steaming coffee spashed out.
Swing the racket with dynamic force|For.
I|Exer felt particularly|Deg sluggish at work|Pla that day|Tim.
Exerter, Action, and Force belong to a Core set.
This frame also covers several productive metaphor cases. In the first one, movement or change caused by a social entity is conveyed as energy exerted by a physical entity. 'Social' here encompasses entities that are economic, political, technological, historical, cultural, and intimate:
The private sector|Exer is so much more|Deg dynamic.
Singh had been under intense political pressure|Exer.
Economies|Exer are still|Tim sluggish.
Relatedly, the influential effect of an psychological entity is described in terms of energy exertion by a physical entity. 'Psychological' includes the intellectual, emotional, and creative:
Sinead's|Exer emotional|Dom intensity permeates every nuance of every lyric.
He finds the Poet Laureate's theory about Shakespeare|Exer to be more|Deg energetic than persuasive|Deg.
Both metaphors appear to involve a third metaphor, which is the anthropomorphization of processes (see examples directly above) or inhuman entities (e.g. in nature):
The lazy creak|Act of sails
The energetic waves|Exer
A broad, lethargic river|Exer
Further, there is a metonymy wherein energy exerted by people carrying out an activity characterizes instead a central object or other component of the activity:
Lucker plays lazy games|Act.
She thought the lazy days|Exer in France would never end.
Compare to: Level_of_force_exertion.
Properties
- ID
- #2440
- Entry
- frm_dynamism
- Namespace
- Attribute.Gradable
- FrameNet version
- Dynamism (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- โ
- Types
- โ
- Ontological type
- โ
- English name
- Dynamism
Core Frame Elements (3)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Action |
The Action that exerts an energy of the level specified by the target.
He was given a vigorous slap|Act on the ear for his behavior. |
โ | โ |
| Exerter |
The Exerter which exerts an energy of the level specified by the target.
More deadly and painful is the chemical weaponry of the camouflaged but lethargic stonefish|Exer. |
โ | โ |
| Force |
The Force that exerts an energy of the level specified by the target.
They were trying to harness some of the lightening's intense power|For. |
โ | โ |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
CoreSet
Action
Exerter
Force
Peripheral Frame Elements (5)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Degree |
The Degree to which the Exerter, Action, or Force exerts an energy.
Uncle Dickie was exceedingly|Deg dynamic in the play that evening. Where Degree is expressed by a comparative or superlative form of the target, the FE is marked on the target (as well as on the rest of the comparative/superlative expression, if present): Uncle John gave a much|Deg [lazier|Deg|target] performance than Unckle Dickie|Deg. |
category
degree
|
โ |
| Descriptor |
This FE describes the energy exertion of the Exerter, Action, or Force.
I admired her incredible|Desc stamina throughout the marathon. |
โ | โ |
| Domain |
The Domain is the field in which the Exerter, Action, or Force exerts its energy.
On the stage of New York's Felt Forum, Eddie Murphy glows with a kinetic|Dom dynamism that captivates the audience. |
โ | โ |
| Place |
The location where the Exerter, Action, or Force exerts its energy.
Because of the added space, our ultimate frisbee game was more vigorous in Golden Gate Park|Pla. |
category
location
|
โ |
| Time |
The Time during which the Exerter, Action, or Force exerts an energy.
Charlie's workout was intense even first thing in the morning|Tim. |
category
time
|
โ |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (1)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Circumstances |
The Circumstances under which the Exerter, Action, or Force exerts an energy.
Athletes gradually release energy in long-distance events|Cir. |
โ | โ |
Frame-Frame Relations (2)
Inheritance
See_also
Lexical Units (16)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| dynamic.a | โ | FN: characterized by energy or effective action; vigorously active or forceful |
| dynamism.n | โ | FN: great energy, force, or power; vigor |
| energetic.a | โ | FN: possessing or showing energy, esp. in abundance; vigorous |
| energy.n | โ | FN: available power or the exertion of such power |
| intense.a | โ | FN: existing at an extreme degree or exhibiting a high degree (ex. of strength) |
| intensity.n | โ | FN: the quality or condition of being intense |
| laziness.n | โ | FN: the quality or condition of being lazy |
| lazy.a | โ | FN: averse to work, activity, or exertion |
| lethargic.a | โ | FN: relating to lethargy; drowsy, sluggish and/or apathetic |
| lethargy.n | โ | FN: the quality or state of being drowsy, unenergetic, and/or apathetic |
| sluggish.a | โ | FN: indisposed to action or exertion; unenergetic |
| sluggishness.n | โ | FN: the quality or condition of being sluggish |
| stamina.n | โ | FN: strength of physical constitution; power to endure |
| vibrant.a | โ | FN: vigorous and energetic |
| vigor.n | โ | FN: active strength or force, or energetic activity |
| vigorous.a | โ | FN: energetic or forceful |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.