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Differentiation [experiencer_state]
Words in this frame have to do with a Cognizer being aware (or not being aware) of the difference between two Phenomena, which may be expressed jointly or disjointly.
It is very difficult for people to visually distinguish between living and non-living things from such a great distance .
It is very difficult for people to visually distinguish between living and non-living things from such a great distance .
Properties
- ID
- #24
- Entry
- frm_differentiation
- Namespace
- Experiential.Experiencer_state
- FrameNet version
- Differentiation (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- —
- Types
- —
- Ontological type
- —
- English name
- Differentiation
Core Frame Elements (5)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cognizer |
The cognizer is the person (or other sentient being) who potentially determines that two Phenomena are distinct from each other. It is normally expressed as an External Argument:
The teacher couldn't distinguish one child from the other. |
category
sentient
|
— |
| Phenomena |
Both phenomena that are potentially judged to be different from one another can be expressed jointly by the same constituent:
The teacher couldn't distinguish the twins. Such constituents are assigned the FE Phenomena. They are always plural, as in the above example, or involve conjunction: The teacher couldn't distinguish Pat and Kim. |
— | — |
| Phenomenon_1 |
The phenomena that are potentially judged to be different from one another can be expressed as separate constituents. When they are, one is typically expressed as an NP Object, and the other as a PP Complement headed by from:
The teacher couldn't distinguish Pat from Kim. In this case, the phenomenon expressed more prominently as an NP Object is called Phenomenon_1: The teacher couldn't distinguish Pat from Kim. |
— | — |
| Phenomenon_2 |
See Phenomenon_1, above. The phenomenon expressed less prominently as a PP complement is called Phenomenon_2:
The teacher couldn't distinguish Pat from Kim. |
— | — |
| Quality |
This is a property that is potentially used by the Cognizer to distinguish one phenomenon from another. It is normally expressed as a PP headed by a preposition such as from, by, or on the basis of:
The coach could distinguish the twins by their hair. General Grammatical Observations: Verbs in this domain often occur with the modal auxiliary can. |
— | — |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
CoreSet
Cognizer
Quality
Excludes
Phenomena
Phenomenon_1
Phenomenon_2
Peripheral Frame Elements (3)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Degree |
Degree to which event occurs
|
category
degree
|
— |
| Manner |
Manner of performing an action
|
category
manner
|
— |
| Means |
An intentional action performed by the Cognizer that allows them to differentiate the Phenomena.
|
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (2)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Circumstances |
The Circumstances describe the situation in which the Cognizer evaluates the Phenomena.
It is difficult to distinguish contrasing figures from a distance. |
— | — |
| Depictive |
State of a participant while the action is ongoing.
We differentiated between the squid, certain that their characteristics put them in different species|Dep. |
— | — |
Frame-Frame Relations (1)
Using
Lexical Units (10)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| differentiate.v | — | COD: find differences (between) |
| discriminate.v | — | COD: recognize a distinction. |
| discrimination.n | — | COD: recognition and understanding of the difference between one thing and another |
| distinguish.v | — | COD: see or point out the difference of |
| distinguishable.a | — | FN: able to be separated into separate identities. |
| know.v | — | FN: distinguish (usually of the form X knows Y from Z) |
| separate.v | — | FN: distinguish |
| sort.v | — | FN: select from a miscellaneous group |
| tell apart.v | — | FN: distinguish. |
| tell from.v | — | FN: distinguish some thing from another |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.