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Duplication [agentive]
This frame involves a Creator making a duplicate, the Copy, of some Original entity. A Source, the location of the Original, and Goal, the location of the Copy, may be expressed.
The teacher copied the problem onto the blackboard.
His handouts were poorly photocopied by his assistantfrom my originals .
The teacher copied the problem onto the blackboard.
His handouts were poorly photocopied by his assistantfrom my originals .
Properties
- ID
- #11
- Entry
- frm_duplication
- Namespace
- Eventive.Agentive
- FrameNet version
- Duplication (fn_1.7_2023)
- Domains
- —
- Types
- —
- Ontological type
- —
- English name
- Duplication
Core Frame Elements (3)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Copy |
The Copy produced by the Creator is frequently not expressed. However, when Copy does occur, it is usually expressed as the External Argument of verbs: The results replicate those of an earlier study.
|
— | — |
| Creator |
The Creator produces the Copy based on the Original. It is normally expressed as an External Argument.
Pat|Creat photocopied the article. |
category
sentient
|
— |
| Original |
The Original is the entity which is copied. With verbs it is frequently expressed as an NP Object:Pat photocopied the article|Orig.
|
— | — |
FE Core Set(s) and Excludes
CoreSet
Copy
Original
Peripheral Frame Elements (9)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Degree |
Degree to which event occurs.
|
category
degree
|
— |
| Fidelity |
The way in which the Copy matches or does not match the Original.
I made a half-size|Fid copy. |
— | — |
| Instrument |
The Instrument with which an intentional act is performed.
|
category
physical_entity
|
— |
| Manner |
Manner of performing an action
|
category
manner
|
— |
| Means |
An intentional action performed by the Creator that lets them bring about the duplication.
|
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Place |
Where the event takes Place.
|
category
locative_relation
|
— |
| Purpose |
The Purpose for which an intentional act is performed.
|
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Source |
The Source is the location from which material is copied, i.e. the location of the Original. Unlike the FE Source in other domains and frames, there is no actual movement of either Copy or Original from this location. Source is usually expressed by a PP Complement.
I copied the design from a magazine|Src. |
category
source
|
— |
| Time |
When the event occurs.
|
category
time
|
— |
Extra-thematic Frame Elements (9)
| Frame element | Definition | Semantic type | Constraint |
|---|---|---|---|
| Characterization |
This FE designates the character of the medium in which a Copy is made. Usually, it is expressed as PP-in or AP.
They sold a million copies in hardback|Char. Opposite is Pilinsky's wood-engraved|Char copy. The margins are covered in copies of the works of Shelley in Joan's handwriting|Char. |
— | — |
| Co-participant |
An entity that participates in much the same way as another participant (Creator, Copy, or Original), although it is characterized as being less focal to the action.
Copy my list along with yours . |
— | — |
| Depictive |
This FE identifies any Depictive phrase that describes a primary participant, either the Creator or the Copy/ Original. Such leaflets have to be duplicated en masse|Depict. She did the copying unaware of the fact that John had already finished it|Depict.
|
— | — |
| Duration |
The amount of time for which a state holds or a process is ongoing.
|
category
duration
|
— |
| Explanation |
The Explanation for which an intentional act is performed.
|
category
state_of_affairs
|
— |
| Frequency |
The Frequency is the frequency with which the Original is copied. The scribes copied the scripture every 80 years.
|
— | — |
| Goal |
The Goal is the location to which material is copied. Unlike the FE Goal in other frames, there is no actual movement of any entity to this location. Goal is usually expressed as a PP Complement: Copy the file onto the hard drive.
|
category
goal
|
— |
| Iterations |
The Iterations is the number of times the Original is copied. Jim copied the book 300 times.
|
— | — |
| Result |
Result of an event
|
— | — |
Frame-Frame Relations (2)
Inheritance
Lexical Units (14)
| LU | Type | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| clone.n | — | COD: a person or thing regarded as identical with another; a copy or double. |
| clone.v | — | FN: to produce an effectively indistinguishible copy of. |
| copy.n | — | COD: a thing made to be similar or identical to another. |
| copy.v | — | COD: make a copy of. |
| duplicate.n | — | COD: one of two or more identical things. |
| duplicate.v | — | COD: make or be an exact copy of. |
| duplication.n | — | FN: the fact of making an exact copy |
| photocopy.n | — | COD: a photographic copy of something produced by a process involving the action of light on a specially prepared surface. |
| photocopy.v | — | COD: make a photocopy of. |
| reduplicate.v | — | COD: repeat or copy so as to form another of the same kind. |
| replica.n | — | COD: an exact copy or model of something, especially one on a smaller scale. |
| replicate.v | — | COD: make an exact copy of; reproduce. |
| reproduce.v | — | COD: produce a copy or representation of. |
| run off.v | — | COD: produce a copy on a machine. |
None.
None.
No visual units
This frame has no visual-unit images.